Small tools / Scientific computing
Research Toolbox
Quick calculations, with the assumptions in view.
Relativistic motion
Energy and momentum of a free massive particle.
pc = √[T(T + 2mc²)]
β = pc / E · γ = E / mc² · E = T + mc².
The default mass approximates a proton; enter the mass required for your calculation.
Fixed-target energy
Center-of-mass energy for a beam hitting a stationary target.
s = (m₁ + m₂)² + 2m₂T
Natural units c = 1 in the formula. Masses are per particle or nucleus; beam energy is total kinetic energy, not energy per nucleon. The target is at rest in the laboratory.
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